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1.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 12(3): 341-345, jul.-set. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-578973

ABSTRACT

Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (Fabaceae) é uma árvore do Cerrado conhecida popularmente como "sucupira branca, faveiro, fava de sucupira e sucupira lisa" e utilizada na medicina popular em preparações anti-reumáticas, antiinflamatórias, analgésicas e antiinfecciosas. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo fazer a triagem fitoquímica do pó e avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato etanólico bruto das cascas da P. emarginatus contra bactérias Gram-positivas, Gram-negativas e o fungo Candida albicans. O extrato etanólico bruto foi obtido a partir das cascas dessecadas e pulverizadas. A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) do extrato bruto foi determinada utilizando-se o inoculador de Steers. Os testes fitoquímicos detectaram a presença de flavonóides, heterosídeos saponínicos, resinas e traços de esteróides e triterpenóides. As CIM do extrato etanólico foram de 0,18 mg mL-1 para as bactérias Gram-positivas Rhodococcus equi ATCC 25923, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Micrococcus roseus IPTSP/UFG e para as bactérias Gram-negativas Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756 e Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; de 0,37 mg mL-1 para a Enterobacter cloacae FT 505 LEMC/EPM/UFG e de 0,74 mg mL-1 para as demais bactérias testadas e para o fungo C. albicans. O presente estudo abre perspectivas para o uso da cascas da P. emarginatus como antimicrobiano.


Pterodon emarginatus Vogel (Fabaceae) is a Cerrado tree popularly known as "sucupira branca", "faveiro", "fava de sucupira" and "sucupira lisa" and has been used in folk medicine as antirheumatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-infective. The aim of this work was to perform the phytochemical screening of the powder and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of crude ethanol extract from P. emarginatus barks against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans. The crude ethanol extract was obtained from desiccated and pulverized barks. Its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by using Steers inoculator. The phytochemical tests detected the presence of flavonoids, saponin heterosides, resins and traces of steroids and triterpenoids. Ethanol extract MICs were 0.18 mg mL-1 for the Gram-positive bacteria Rhodococcus equi ATCC 25923, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 and Micrococcus roseus IPTSP/UFG, and for the Gram-negative bacteria Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027; 0.37 mg mL-1 for Enterobacter cloacae FT 505 LEMC/EPM/UFG; and 0.74 mg mL-1 for the remaining tested bacteria and for the fungus C. albicans. This study opens perspectives for the use of P. emarginatus barks as an antimicrobial drug.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/chemistry , Ethanol , Fabaceae/chemistry , Plant Bark , Plant Extracts , Bacteria , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plants, Medicinal
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 61(5): 1203-1209, out. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-532034

ABSTRACT

From February 2004 to March 2005, 140 samples of food handlers - hands and nostrils - (92), raw milk (24), and minas frescal cheese (24) were analyzed for the presence of Escherichia coli in a dairy processing plant of Goiás State. Forty-seven E. coli strains were obtained and compared by DNA macrorestriction patterns obtained from pulsed-field gel electrophoresis following XbaI restriction in order to investigate the possible sources of cheese contaminations. Based on PFGE genotyping, one strain isolated from food the hands of a handler and five strains isolated from raw milk were identical or closely related to six strains from cheese suggesting, in these cases, the probable source of E. coli contamination in cheeses. No strain isolated from the nostrils was related to those found in cheeses or milk strains. The results showed high diversity among the strains, demonstrating a lack of predominance of an endemic clone in the dairy plant. This paper highlights the usefulness of PFGE as an epidemiological tool for determining the source of E. coli contamination in the food industry.


Durante um ano, de fevereiro de 2004 a março de 2005, 140 amostras retiradas das mãos e das narinas de manipuladores de alimentos (92), do leite cru (24) e do queijo-de-minas frescal (24) foram analisadas para a presença de Escherichia coli, em um laticínio do Estado de Goiás. As 47 cepas obtidas foram comparadas por macrorrestrição do DNA com enzima XbaI, seguida de eletroforese em gel em campo pulsado (PFGE), a fim de investigar as possíveis fontes de contaminação do queijo. Baseado na genotipagem pelo PFGE, uma cepa obtida do leite cru e cinco cepas obtidas dos manipuladores mostraram similaridade maior que 80 por cento com seis cepas isoladas do queijo, denotando forte correlação genética entre elas e sugerindo, nestes casos, a fonte provável de contaminação do produto final. Nenhuma cepa isolada do nariz foi relacionada às isoladas do queijo ou do leite. Os resultados mostraram grande diversidade entre as cepas, demonstrando ausência de um clone endêmico no laticínio avaliado. Este estudo destaca a utilidade do PFGE como uma ferramenta importante em investigações epidemiológicas e na determinação de possíveis fontes de contaminação por E. coli na indústria de alimentos.


Subject(s)
Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Milk/microbiology , Cheese/microbiology , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field/methods
3.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-535420

ABSTRACT

Davilla elliptica St.-Hil. (Dilleniaceae) é um arbusto,usado popularmente como adstringente, tônico, sedativo, diurético, no tratamento de hemorróidas, hérnia e em aplicações tópicas como anti-séptico na limpeza de ferimentos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliara atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos etanólicos brutos das folhas de D. elliptica coletadas em Alexânia e Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil. Os extratos etanólicos brutos foram obtidos, por maceração a frio, a partir das folhas dessecadas e pulverizadas. A atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada utilizando 25 cepas de microrganismos (Gram-negativos, Gram-positivos e levedura) através da determinação da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) utilizando-se o inoculador de Steers. Os extratos obtidos de plantas coletados nas duas localidades inibiram o crescimento de todas as cepas avaliadas. O extrato da amostra coletada em Alexânia apresentou atividade antimicrobiana com CIM variando de 0,371 mg/mL a 0,743 mg/mL. O extrato da amostra coletada em Goiânia apresentou CIM variando de < 0,023 mg/mL a 11,9 mg/mL. Os extratos etanólicos brutos das folhas de D. elliptica foram mais ativos contra as bactérias Gram-positivas do que para as bactérias Gram-negativas.


Davilla elliptica St.-Hil.(Dilleniaceae) is a shrub, whose leaves are traditionally used in Brazilian popular medicine as an astringent, tonic, sedative and diuretic and to treat hemorrhoids and hernia and it is applied a topical antiseptic to clean wounds. The aim in this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of crude ethanol extracts of D. elliptica leaves collected in the towns of Alexânia and Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil. The crude extracts were obtained by cold maceration, of the dried and pulverized leaves in ethanol. Antimicrobial activities against 25 strains of microorganisms (Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and a yeast) were tested determining by the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in agar plates inoculated with using a Steers replicator. Extracts of from inhibited the growth of all strains evaluated. The extract of the sample collected in Alexânia showed antimicrobial activity with MICs ranging from 0.371 mg/mL to 0.743 mg/mL, while that collected in Goiânia showed MICs ranging from <0.023 mg/mL to 11.9 mg/mL. The D. elliptica crude leaf ethanol extracts evaluated were more active against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria.


Subject(s)
Dilleniaceae , Plants, Medicinal , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods
4.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-535422

ABSTRACT

Richardia brasiliensis é uma planta utilizada popularmente como expectorante, emética, diaforética, vermífuga e para o tratamento de hemorróidas. O presente estudo objetivou realizar a prospecção fitoquímica e avaliar a ação antimicrobiana do extrato bruto das partes aéreas e raízes de R. brasiliensis. O extrato etanólico bruto foi obtido a partir do material botânico dessecado e pulverizado. O pó das partes aéreas e raízes foram submetidos à triagem fitoquímica. A atividade antimicrobiana foi realizada contra bactérias Gram-positivas esporuladas e não esporuladas, Gram negativas e a levedura Candida albicans através da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima por diluição em ágar empregando-se o inoculador de Steers. A triagem fitoquímica evidenciou a presença de esteróides, triterpenóides, cumarinas, resinas, alcaloides e flavonóides. A CIM do extrato das partes aéreas variou de 0,37 a 0,74 mg/mL e das raízes de 0,74 a 11,9 mg/mL. Concluiu-se que tanto o extrato etanólico bruto das partes aéreas quanto das raízes apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana.


Richardia brasiliensis is a neotropical perennial her bused in Brazilian popular medicine as an expectorant, emetic, diaphoretic, vermifuge and to treat hemorrhoids. This paper reports the phytochemical screening and the antimicrobial activity of crude ethanol extracts of the aerial parts and roots of this plant. The crude ethanol extracts were prepared from dried, pulverized botanical material. The aerial parts and roots powder was screened for classes of phytochemicals. The antimicrobial activity was tested against spore-forming and non-sporing Gram-positive bacteria, Gramnegative bacteria and Candida albicans by the agardilution method, inoculating the series of plates at multiple points with a Steers replicator to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each organism. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of steroids, triterpenes, coumarins, resins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The MIC of the extract of aerial parts varied from 0.37 to 0.74 mg/mL and that of the roots from 0.74 to 11.9 mg/mL. It was concluded that the crude ethanolic extracts of both the aerial parts and the roots showed antimicrobial activity.


Subject(s)
Plant Components, Aerial , Plants, Medicinal , Products with Antimicrobial Action
5.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 29(3): 245-250, 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-530188

ABSTRACT

Eugenia unifl ora L. is a tree whose leaves are used in popular medicine as an antihypertensive, antimicrobial drug, in the treatment of bronchitis, influenza and as an antipyretic. This paper reports the antimicrobial activity of a crude ethanol extract of E. unifl ora L. leaves. The crude extract was prepared from material collected in Goiânia, Goiás (Brazil), dried, pulverized and subjected to phytochemical screening. The antimicrobial activity was tested against spore-forming and non-sporing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as Candida albicans, using the well-diffusion test and the agar dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, steroids, triterpenes, heterosides, anthraquinones, flavonoids and saponins. Antimicrobial activity testing showed that the crude E.uniflora L. leaf extract inhibited all the Gram-positive bacteria (MICs from 0.273 to 8.75 mg/mL), among which the spore-formers exhibited MICs from 1.094 to 2.187 mg/mL. The MIC for most Gram-negative bacteria varied from 4.375 to 17.5 mg/mL. C. albicans NTC 2010 (MIC of 0.547 mg/mL) inhibition was also noted. The antimicrobial activity found in this in vitro study of E. uniflora L. may justify its popular use as a medicine.


Subject(s)
Eugenia , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Phytotherapy
6.
Braz. j. biol ; 66(3): 939-944, Aug. 2006. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-435635

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to characterize the biological aspects of oral strains of C. albicans in children with Down's syndrome. These yeasts were analyzed as to their macromorphological and enzymatic aspects and were tested as to their in vitro susceptibility to antifungal drugs using broth microdilution to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The morphotyping revealed that all oral C. albicans isolates from children with Down's syndrome promoted the formation of fringes regardless of size, while the control group presented smaller fringes. All oral C. albicans strains produced proteinase, but those with phospholipolytic activity showed greater enzyme capacity in the test group. In vitro susceptibility showed that all oral C. albicans isolates were sensitive to the drugs used.


O objetivo deste artigo foi caracterizar os aspectos biológicos de cepas de C. albicans orais em crianças com síndrome de Down. Estas leveduras foram analisadas quanto aos seus aspectos macromorfológicos e enzimáticos e foram testadas quanto a sua suscetibilidade in vitro a drogas antifúngicas, usando a microdiluição em caldo para a determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (CIM). A morfotipagem revelou que todos os isolados de C. albicans orais de crianças com síndrome de Down induziram à formação de franjas independente do tamanho, enquanto o grupo controle teve franjas menores. Todas as cepas de C. albicans orais produziram proteinase, mas aquelas com atividade fosfolipidolítica mostraram maior capacidade enzimática no grupo teste. A suscetibilidade in vitro mostrou que todos os isolados de C. albicans orais foram sensíveis a drogas empregadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/genetics , Candidiasis, Oral/microbiology , Down Syndrome/microbiology , Phenotype , Case-Control Studies , Candida albicans/drug effects , Candida albicans/enzymology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Peptide Hydrolases/biosynthesis , Phospholipases/biosynthesis
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